In Vitro Assays

In Vivo Assays

Single unit recordings from hippocampus, striatum, substantia nigra/dorsal raphe/prefrontal cortex/brainstem/cerebellum and more

Local field potential/population spike recording from hippocampus, CA1/DG/CA3

Long term potential recordings

Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from brain and spinal cords slices.

Local field potentials – spontaneous and evoked extracellular recordings from brain slices, including LTP/LTD and multi-electrode recording (MEA)

Ion channel pharmacology - state-dependency, kinetics, and site of action using cultured and primary dissociated neurons or cell lines.